![]() Communism is a system of government in which a single party controls nearly all aspects of society leaders are selected by top party members. Lenin (1870–1924), who established the Communist Party in Russia in 1919. The Bolsheviks supported the communist ideologies of Vladimir I. In Russia, members of a rising political party, known as the Bolsheviks, gained control of the country in November 1917 through the Bolshevik Revolution. Distinct differences, distant enemiesĪlthough the Cold War did not begin until the mid-1940s, many historians look back to 1917 for the first signs of U.S.-Soviet rivalry. and Soviet foreign policies, domestic priorities, economic decisions, and military strategies (including the development of nuclear weapons), all formulated in response to the war, created an atmosphere of hostility and fear that lasted almost half a century. By the end of World War II (1939–45), the European powers- Great Britain, France, and Germany-had collapsed, while the U.S. Various political events between 19 were crucial to the Cold War's beginning. He had heard presidential advisor Bernard Baruch (1870–1965) use the phrase " cold war" in a congressional debate that same year. The term "Cold War" comes from the title of a 1947 book by influential American journalist Walter Lippmann (1889–1974). As a result, the actual start of the Cold War is open to debate. The Cold War did not begin on a precise date, and it was not a shooting war, at least not directly between the two superpowers-the United States of America and the Soviet Union. The Cold War was a period of mutual fear and dis-trust, brought about by the differing ideologies, or set of beliefs, of these two nations. Eventually, the two countries were involved in what became known as the Cold War. a country made up of fifteen republics, the largest of which was Russia, that in 1991 became independent states) had risen to the status of superpowers, extremely powerful nations that dominated world politics. ![]() Over a century later, the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (also known as the Soviet Union or the U.S.S.R. Both have grown larger in obscurity and while men's regards were occupied elsewhere, they have suddenly taken their place in the first rank of nations, and the world has learned of their birth and of their greatness almost at the same time." French traveler Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859) made this statement, quoted in his book Democracy in America, in the 1830s. "T here are two great peoples on the earth today who, starting from different points, seem to advance toward the same goal: these are the Russians and the Anglo-Americans.
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